Alloy



Patented May T9, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEROY S. KUEHN. OF CLEVELAND. OHIO. ASSIGNOR. BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 LUDLUM STEEL (10.. OF WATERVLIET. NEYV YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEA JERSEY.

ALLOY.

No Drawing.

To (27? zrlrom, v'z may concern:

Be it known that l. LnRor S. Koran, a citizen of the lT-nited States, residing at Cleveland. in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio. have invented a certain new and useful lmprovement in Alloys. of which the following is a full, clear, and exact (cscription.

The present invention relates to a metal alloy which has properties adapting it for the manufacture of various articles or parts ot structures which in use are subjected to repeated beatings to high temperatures. or where the article. or structure is subject. to the action of corrosive liquids, solids, fumes or gases.

The alloyis exceedingly resistant to wear. also to warping. cracking and breaking, and is quite resistant to corrosion by contact with corroding substances. fumes or gases, and is not subject to surface deterioration by flaking. when exposed to eorroding or oxidizing agents.

A further desirable quality of the alloy lies in the fact that its melting point is very high and it does not warp and is not materially changed in shape by repeated heatings.

' Among the important uses to which the alloy may be put, we may mention as typi cal cast and forged applications, although in no way limiting, containers or heat treating boxes, saggers, furnace pots, crucibles, glass molds, metal molds for foundry use, retorts, dies, die rings, and many other uscs'where the properties of the metal give the results desired.

The alloy also forms a good material from which may be manufactured electrical resistance elements. the non-warping and nonoxidizing characteristics of the alloy being particularly important. in this case.

Due to the tact that the alloy is nou-warping, the, walls or parts of structures from which the alloy is made. may be comparatively thin.

The alloy may contain trom 10 to 15 per cent of chromium, 4 to 10 per cent of nickel. 2 10 of 1 per cent to 4 per cent of titanium, 1/11) of 1 per cent to 2 per cent of silicon, and 4/10 of l per cent to 1 per cent of manganese. lt aluminum be present, it should not be used in greater percentage Application filed February 27, 1919. Serial No. 279,567.

than 2 per cent. the balance consisting mainly of iron and carbon.

Sulphur and phos 'ihorus are not desirable in the alloy but may occur as impurities. and should be, kept as low as possible, preterably less than 5/100 of 1 per cent.

As an example of a typical analysis of an alloy of the character described, the following is given:

Chromium 10 per cent- N'ckcl -s 5 per cent Titanium -/l(l ot 1 per cent- Silicon 3/19 of 1 per cent Manganese ...1 percent Balance lron and carbon The titanium also acts in part as a deoxidizer, part of the titanium combining with the occluded gases, particularly nitrogen, and this combination with titanium is removed in the slag. Additionally the titanium which is in excess of that required as a deoxidizer, appears in the final alloy and imparts properties of toughness, resiliency and resistance to cracking.

The alloy may be produced in the electric furnace, as by melting commercial electric furnace ierro-chrome. or term-chrome produced by the thermite process.

To reduce the amount of carbon present. the lcrro-chromc. may be refined in a manner which is well-known in the art. In many cases it is desirable to refine the alloy so as to have the carbon present in as small quantity as possible which may be under 1 per cent. When the carbon is low-say 11/100 per cent. to 12/ltl0 percent,the alloy is malleable. and where the, alloy contains about 8/100 per cent carbon, the alloy is also easily machinable.

Where the source of ferro-chromc is that made by the thermite process, the amount ion of carbon present. it any at all is present, is so low as to be negligible. In the ease of using the thermite terro-chrome, it is more than likely that some aluminum Will be l'ound in the tinal alloy.

The alloy has a high tensile strength, and the Fracture of the metal shows a fine com pact grain. The alloy is tough and resistant to breakage, and the melting point is high, over 2300 Fahrenheit.

The above noted physical qualities may be varied by varying the amounts of the elements present.

Having described my invention, 1 claim:

1. A malleable alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation containing as its principal constituents iron, nickel, chromium and titanium, having at least-10% but less than 15); ofehromium, nickel not in excess of 10% nor less than 1% and an appreciable quantity of titanium not in excess of the balance consisting principally of iron.

2. A malleable alloyed sol't steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation containing as essential ingredients, substantially Over 10 per cent. and not more than 15 per cent of chromium, substantially 4. to 10 per cent of nickel, substantially 2/10 of 1 per cent to 1 per cent of titanium, substantially 1/10 of 1 per cent to 2 per cent of silicon, substantially 4/10 per cent to 1 per cent of manganese.

3. A malleable alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation conlainingsnbstantially 10 per cent of chromium, 4 per cent of nickel, 2/10 of 1 per cent of titanium, 5/10 of 1 per cent of silicon, and 1 per cent of manganese.

1. A malleable alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation containing as its principal constituents iron, nickel, chromium and titanium, having at least but not more than of chromium, nickel about 10%, and an appreciable quantity of titanium not in excess of 5%, the balance consisting principally of iron.

5. A malleable alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation containing substantially 10%- 2/10 of 1?! of titanium, 5% to 2.5% of silicon, and 1% of manganese.

6. A malleable alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation containing chromium over 10% and not more than 15%, an appreciable quantity of nickel under 109}, titanium substantially 2/10 of 1%, silicon 5% to 2.5%, and manganese .17 10 '7. A malleable alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosimi and to oxidation containing chromium over 10% and not more than 15%, nickel over 1% and under 10%, silicon .1O" to 2.5%. an appreciable quantity of titanium under 57;, and manganese 4% to 1.5%.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

LEROY S. KUEHN.

of chromium 4% of nickel. 

